Корректный registration form php. Создание и проверка форм. Схема базы данных

Одно из главнейших достоинств PHP - то, как он работает с формами HTML. Здесь основным является то, что каждый элемент формы автоматически становится доступным вашим программам на PHP. Для подробной информации об использовании форм в PHP читайте раздел . Вот пример формы HTML:

Пример #1 Простейшая форма HTML

Ваше имя:

Ваш возраст:

В этой форме нет ничего особенного. Это обычная форма HTML без каких-либо специальных тегов. Когда пользователь заполнит форму и нажмет кнопку отправки, будет вызвана страница action.php . В этом файле может быть что-то вроде:

Пример #2 Выводим данные формы

Здравствуйте, .
Вам лет.

Пример вывода данной программы:

Здравствуйте, Сергей. Вам 30 лет.

Если не принимать во внимание куски кода с htmlspecialchars() и (int) , принцип работы данного кода должен быть прост и понятен. htmlspecialchars() обеспечивает правильную кодировку "особых" HTML-символов так, чтобы вредоносный HTML или Javascript не был вставлен на вашу страницу. Поле age, о котором нам известно, что оно должно быть число, мы можем просто преобразовать в integer , что автоматически избавит нас от нежелательных символов. PHP также может сделать это автоматически с помощью расширения filter . Переменные $_POST["name"] и $_POST["age"] автоматически установлены для вас средствами PHP. Ранее мы использовали суперглобальную переменную $_SERVER , здесь же мы точно так же используем суперглобальную переменную $_POST , которая содержит все POST-данные. Заметим, что метод отправки (method) нашей формы - POST. Если бы мы использовали метод GET , то информация нашей формы была бы в суперглобальной переменной $_GET . Кроме этого, можно использовать переменную $_REQUEST , если источник данных не имеет значения. Эта переменная содержит смесь данных GET, POST, COOKIE.

16 years ago

According to the HTTP specification, you should use the POST method when you"re using the form to change the state of something on the server end. For example, if a page has a form to allow users to add their own comments, like this page here, the form should use POST. If you click "Reload" or "Refresh" on a page that you reached through a POST, it"s almost always an error -- you shouldn"t be posting the same comment twice -- which is why these pages aren"t bookmarked or cached.

You should use the GET method when your form is, well, getting something off the server and not actually changing anything. For example, the form for a search engine should use GET, since searching a Web site should not be changing anything that the client might care about, and bookmarking or caching the results of a search-engine query is just as useful as bookmarking or caching a static HTML page.

2 years ago

Worth clarifying:

POST is not more secure than GET.

The reasons for choosing GET vs POST involve various factors such as intent of the request (are you "submitting" information?), the size of the request (there are limits to how long a URL can be, and GET parameters are sent in the URL), and how easily you want the Action to be shareable -- Example, Google Searches are GET because it makes it easy to copy and share the search query with someone else simply by sharing the URL.

Security is only a consideration here due to the fact that a GET is easier to share than a POST. Example: you don"t want a password to be sent by GET, because the user might share the resulting URL and inadvertently expose their password.

However, a GET and a POST are equally easy to intercept by a well-placed malicious person if you don"t deploy TLS/SSL to protect the network connection itself.

All Forms sent over HTTP (usually port 80) are insecure, and today (2017), there aren"t many good reasons for a public website to not be using HTTPS (which is basically HTTP + Transport Layer Security).

As a bonus, if you use TLS you minimise the risk of your users getting code (ADs) injected into your traffic that wasn"t put there by you.

PHP | 25 Jan, 2017 | Clever Techie

In this lesson, we learn how to create user account registration form with PHP validation rules, upload profile avatar image and insert user data in MySQL database. We will then retrieve the information from the database and display it on the user profile welcome page. Here is what the welcome page is going to look like:

Setting up Form CSS and HTML

First, go ahead and copy the HTML source from below codepen and place the code in a file called form.php. Also create another file named form.css in the same directory and copy and paste all of the CSS code from the codepen below into it:

Once you"ve saved form.php and form.css, you may go ahead and run form.php to see what the form looks like. It should look exactly the same as the one showing in the "Result" tab from the codepen above.

Creating the Database and Table

Before we start adding PHP code to our form, let"s go ahead and create the database with a table which will store our registered users information in it. Below in the SQL script to create the database "accounts" and table "users":

CREATE DATABASE accounts; CREATE TABLE `accounts`.`users` (`id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, `email` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, `password` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, `avatar` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`));

Below is a complete code with error checking for connecting to MySQL database and running above SQL statements to create the database and users table:

//connection variables $host = "localhost"; $user = "root"; $password = "mypass123"; //create mysql connection $mysqli = new mysqli($host,$user,$password); if ($mysqli->connect_errno) { printf("Connection failed: %s\n", $mysqli->connect_error); die(); } //create the database if (!$mysqli->query("CREATE DATABASE accounts2")) { printf("Errormessage: %s\n", $mysqli->error); } //create users table with all the fields $mysqli->query(" CREATE TABLE `accounts2`.`users` (`id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, `email` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, `password` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, `avatar` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`));") or die($mysqli->error);

With our HTML, CSS and the database table in place, we"re now reading to start working on our form. The first step is to create a place for error messages to show up and then we"ll start writing some form validation.

Starting New Session for Error Messages

Open up the form.php and add the following lines to it at the very top, make sure to use the php opening and closing tags (I have not included the html part of form.php to keep things clean).

We have created new session because we"re going to need to access $_SESSION["message"] on the "welcome.php" page after user successfully registers. MySQL connection has also been created right away, so we can work with the database later on.

We also need to print out $_SESSION["message"] on the current page. From the beginning the message is set to "" (empty string) which is what we want, so nothing will be printed at this point. Let"s go ahead and add the message inside the proper DIV tag:

Creating Validation Rules

This form already comes with some validation rules, the keyword "required" inside the HTML input tags, is checking to make sure the field is not empty, so we don"t have to worry about empty fields. Also, by setting input type to "email and "password", HTML5 validates the form for proper email and password formatting, so we don"t need to create any rules for those fields either.

However, we still need to write some validation rules, to make sure the passwords are matching, the avatar file is in fact an image and make sure the user has been added to our database.

Let"s create another file and call it validate.php to keep things well organized. We"ll also include this file from our form.php.

The first thing we"re going to do inside validate.php is to make sure the form is being submitted.

/* validate.php */ //the form has been submitted with post method if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { }

Then we"ll check if the password and confirm password are equal to each other

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { //check if two passwords are equal to each other if ($_POST["password"] == $_POST["confirmpassword"]) { } }

Working with Super Global Variables

Note how we used super global variables $_SERVER and $_POST to get the information we needed. The keys names inside the $_POST variable is available because we used method="post" to submit our form.

The key names are all the named HTML input fields with attribute name (eg: name="password", name="confirmpassword"):

/>

To clarify a bit more, here is what the $_POST would look like (assuming all the fields in the form have been filled out) if we used a print_r($_POST) function on it, followed by die(); to terminate the script right after printing it. This is a good way of debugging your script and seeing what"s going on:

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { print_r($_POST); die(); /*output: Array ( => clevertechie => [email protected] => mypass123 => mypass123 => Register) */

Now we"re going to get the rest of our submitted values from $_POST and get them properly formatted so they can be inserted to our MySQL database table

//the form has been submitted with post if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { if ($_POST["password"] == $_POST["confirmpassword"]) { //define other variables with submitted values from $_POST $username = $mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST["username"]); $email = $mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST["email"]); //md5 hash password for security $password = md5($_POST["password"]); //path were our avatar image will be stored $avatar_path = $mysqli->real_escape_string("images/".$_FILES["avatar"]["name"]); } }

In the above code, we used real_escape_string() method to make sure our username, email and avatar_path are formatted properly to be inserted as a valid SQL string into the database. We also used md5() hash function to create a hash string out of password for security.

How File Uploading Works

Also, notice the new super global variable $_FILES, which holds the information about our image, which is the avatar being uploaded from the user"s computer. The $_FILES variable is available because we used enctype="multipart/form-data" in our form:

Here is the output if we use the print_r($_FILES) followed by die(); just like we did for the $_POST variable:

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { print_r($_FILES); die(); /*output: Array ( => Array ( => guldan.png => image/png => C:\Windows\Temp\php18D8.tmp => 0 => 98823)) */ //this is how we"re able to access the image name: $_FILES["avatar"]["name"]; //guldan.png

When the file is first uploaded, using the post method, it will be stored in a temporary directory. That directory can be accessed with $_FILES[ "avatar "][ "tmp_name" ] which is "C:\Windows\Temp\php18D8.tmp" from the output above.

We can then copy that file from the temporary directory, to the directory that we want which is $avatar_path. But before we copy the file, we should check if the file is in fact image, for that we"ll check another key called from our $_FILES variable.

//path were our avatar image will be stored $avatar_path = $mysqli->real_escape_string("images/".$_FILES["avatar"]["name"]); //make sure the file type is image if (preg_match("!image!",$_FILES["avatar"]["type"])) { //copy image to images/ folder if (copy($_FILES["avatar"]["tmp_name"], $avatar_path)) { } }

The preg_match function matches the image from the [ "type" ] key of $_FILES array, we then use copy() function to copy our image file which takes in two parameters. The first one is the source file path which is our ["tmp_name"] directory and the second one is the destination path which is our "images/guldan.png" file path.

Saving User Data in a MySQL Database

We can now set some session variables which we"ll need on the next page, which are username and avatar_path, and we"ll also create the SQL query which will insert all the submitted data into MySQL database:

if (copy($_FILES["avatar"]["tmp_name"], $avatar_path)) { //set session variables to display on welcome page $_SESSION["username"] = $username; $_SESSION["avatar"] = $avatar_path; //create SQL query string for inserting data into the database $sql = "INSERT INTO users (username, email, password, avatar) " . "VALUES ("$username", "$email", "$password", "$avatar_path")"; }

The final step is turn our query, using the query() method and check if it"s successful. If it is, that means the user data has been saved in the "users" table successfully! We then set the final session variable $_SESSION[ "message" ] and redirect the user to the welcome.php page using the header() function:

//check if mysql query is successful if ($mysqli->query($sql) === true) { $_SESSION[ "message" ] = "Registration succesful! Added $username to the database!"; //redirect the user to welcome.php header("location: welcome.php"); }

That"s pretty much all we need for the validation, we just need to add all the "else" keywords in case things don"t go as planned from all the if statements we have created. Here is what the full code for validate.php looks so far:

/* validate.php */ //the form has been submitted with post if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") { //two passwords are equal to each other if ($_POST["password"] == $_POST["confirmpassword"]) { //define other variables with submitted values from $_POST $username = $mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST["username"]); $email = $mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST["email"]); //md5 hash password for security $password = md5($_POST["password"]); //path were our avatar image will be stored $avatar_path = $mysqli->real_escape_string("images/".$_FILES["avatar"]["name"]); //make sure the file type is image if (preg_match("!image!",$_FILES["avatar"]["type"])) { //copy image to images/ folder if (copy($_FILES["avatar"]["tmp_name"], $avatar_path)){ //set session variables to display on welcome page $_SESSION["username"] = $username; $_SESSION["avatar"] = $avatar_path; //insert user data into database $sql = "INSERT INTO users (username, email, password, avatar) " . "VALUES ("$username", "$email", "$password", "$avatar_path")"; //check if mysql query is successful if ($mysqli->query($sql) === true){ $_SESSION["message"] = "Registration successful!" . "Added $username to the database!"; //redirect the user to welcome.php header("location: welcome.php"); } } } } }

Setting Session Error Messages When Things Go Wrong

Let"s go ahead and add all the else statements at once where we simply set the $_SESSION[ "message" ] error messages which will be printed out when any of our if statements fail. Add the following code right after the last if statement where we checked for successful mysqli query and within the last curly bracket like this:

If ($mysqli->query($sql) === true){ $_SESSION["message"] = "Registration succesful!" . "Added $username to the database!"; header("location: welcome.php"); } else { $_SESSION["message"] = "User could not be added to the database!"; } $mysqli->close(); } else { $_SESSION["message"] = "File upload failed!"; } } else { $_SESSION["message"] = "Please only upload GIF, JPG or PNG images!"; } } else { $_SESSION["message"] = "Two passwords do not match!"; } } //if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST")

The session message will then display the error message in the div tag where we put our $_SESSION["message"] if you recall:

Below is an example of what the error message is going to look like when two passwords don"t match. Feel free to play around with it to trigger other error messages:

Creating User Profile Welcome Page

We"re now done with the validate.php. The final step is to create welcome.php page which will display the username, avatar image and some users that have already been registered previously along with their own user names and mini avatar thumbnails. Here is what the complete welcome.php should look like, I will explain parts of it that may be confusing: